Behavioral Finance

May 13, 2026
Hero header: 'Chairperson Independence' with a green milestone timeline from FY21 to FY25 (Complaince to All boxes).

Chairperson Independence: SEBI LODR Regulation 17(1B) and Companies Act Section 149(6) Test

Chairperson Independence is the apex governance test in any Indian listed company. SEBI LODR Reg 17(1B), Companies Act Section 149(6), Schedule IV, read together across five graduated layers. Titan Biotech FY25 — voluntary best-practice compliance: 14 board meetings, Independent Non-Executive Chair, ~₹3 Cr borrowings, 103% CFO/Operating-Profit ratio.
May 13, 2026
Dark blue hero with large white title 'Bird in Hand vs Two in' and green subtitle; a four-panel color grid below: top-left gray 'Trader', top-right green 'COMPOUNDER', bottom-left light gray 'Drift', bottom-right orange 'Speculator'; small footer text on left reading 'Manish Goel Portfolio Management Service' and page metadata on top right.

Bird in Hand vs Two in the Bush: Warren Buffett’s 2000 Berkshire Letter Reading of Aesop

Warren Buffett distilled Aesop into three questions every Indian investor must answer before laying out a single rupee — and Titan Biotech FY25 has audited answers to all three.
May 12, 2026
Infographic bar chart titled Cognitive Dissonance showing yearly values FY20–FY25, with FY25 highlighted in green at 11.

Cognitive Dissonance: Leon Festinger’s 1957 Resolution Mechanism

Leon Festinger's 1957 theory of cognitive dissonance explains why Indian investors hold losing positions rather than closing them: the brain resolves contradictory beliefs by re-narrating the thesis rather than reversing the action. This piece traces the original Stanford research, links it to SEBI/NSE retail-investor data, sets out a six-step procedural defence, and uses Titan Biotech Ltd (BSE: 524717) FY25 audited numbers — 81% borrowings reduction, 103% CFO/Operating Profit, ₹4.56 Cr aggregate director remuneration vs ₹22 Cr PAT, 14 board meetings under an independent chair — as an illustrative case of anti-dissonance corporate disclosure architecture. Educational only; no buy/sell/hold view.
May 12, 2026
Hero header: 'Director Remuneration as a Percentage of' with a green timeline showing FY21–FY25 milestones (Compliance, Disclosure, Audit clean, Board change, All boxes) on a dark blue gradient background.

Director Remuneration as a Percentage of PAT: The Companies Act Section 197 Governance Test Every Indian Long-Term Investor Must Master

Companies Act 2013 Section 197 caps managerial pay at 11% of PAT. Learn how to read this under-used governance ratio in 15 minutes — illustrated by Titan Biotech FY25's ~₹4.56 Cr director remuneration alongside 14 board meetings, an independent chair, ~103% CFO/Operating Profit and a ~29% ten-year PAT CAGR.
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